Quantum Computing

introduction

Quantum computing is a branch of physics and computer science that provides a new method of computation with the help of quantum physics, for example, entanglement, superposition, interference, and decoherence. They solve difficult problems effectively and easily when compared to any supercomputer.

Core Principles of Quantum Computing

Here are the core principles of Quantum Computing

• Superposition − Superposition is a method in quantum computing that describes how the qubits can add two or more states simultaneously.
• Entanglement − Entanglement is the capability of qubits to link their state with other qubits.
• Decoherence − Decoherence means it loses its quantum property due to environmental factors such as electromagnetic radiation
• Interference − Interference tells how subatomic particles interconnect with each other and themselves while in a superposition state.

Difference between Classical Computing vs Quantum Computing

Classical Computing	Quantum Computing
Classical computing uses classical bits.	Quantum computing uses qubits
Algorithms often need many parallel computations, which can be time-consuming	Quantum programming considers multiple options simultaneously, enabling an algorithm to run across all options in a single step
Classical software development translates source code from a programming language into specific ‘machine code’ for a platform, and performs operations (gates) on thousands of transistors.	Quantum programming handles probabilities for outcomes, unlike classical programs that deterministically produce 0 or 1.
Classical gates manipulate bits	Quantum gates operate on qubits within quantum computing
Generally slower when dealing with certain complex problems due to the limitations in parallel computation.	Quantum computers are faster than any classical computer for specific types of problems.
Classical programs are deterministic, producing definite results of 0 or 1.	Quantum programs are probabilistic, handling probabilities for outcomes
Most classical circuits are not inherently reversible.	Quantum circuits must be reversible to recover input states from outputs

quantum simulation in python using qiskit